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With three cuts, dissect an equilateral triangle into a square. The problem was first proposed by Dudeney in 1902, and subsequently discussed in Dudeney (1958), and Gardner ...

For a nonzero real number r and a triangle DeltaABC, swing line segment BC about the vertex B towards vertex A through an angle rB. Call the line along the rotated segment L. ...

Knuth's up-arrow notation is a notation invented by Knuth (1976) to represent large numbers in which evaluation proceeds from the right (Conway and Guy 1996, p. 60): m^n ...

Given a series of positive terms u_i and a sequence of finite positive constants a_i, let rho=lim_(n->infty)(a_n(u_n)/(u_(n+1))-a_(n+1)). 1. If rho>0, the series converges. ...

A local ring is a ring R that contains a single maximal ideal. In this case, the Jacobson radical equals this maximal ideal. One property of a local ring R is that the subset ...

For a polynomial P(x_1,x_2,...,x_k), the Mahler measure of P is defined by (1) Using Jensen's formula, it can be shown that for P(x)=aproduct_(i=1)^(n)(x-alpha_i), ...

A maximum spanning tree is a spanning tree of a weighted graph having maximum weight. It can be computed by negating the weights for each edge and applying Kruskal's ...

The orthic inconic of a triangle is the inconic with inconic parameters x:y:z=cosA:cosB:cosC. (1) It has trilinear equation ...

A principal ideal domain is an integral domain in which every proper ideal can be generated by a single element. The term "principal ideal domain" is often abbreviated P.I.D. ...

Let G be a finite, connected, undirected graph with graph diameter d(G) and graph distance d(u,v) between vertices u and v. A radio labeling of a graph G is labeling using ...