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The concept of a space is an extremely general and important mathematical construct. Members of the space obey certain addition properties. Spaces which have been ...

There are (at least) two mathematical constants associated with Theodorus. The first Theodorus's constant is the elementary algebraic number sqrt(3), i.e., the square root of ...

The distribution for the sum X_1+X_2+...+X_n of n uniform variates on the interval [0,1] can be found directly as (1) where delta(x) is a delta function. A more elegant ...

The derivative of a function represents an infinitesimal change in the function with respect to one of its variables. The "simple" derivative of a function f with respect to ...

A number is said to be squarefree (or sometimes quadratfrei; Shanks 1993) if its prime decomposition contains no repeated factors. All primes are therefore trivially ...

The Bernoulli numbers B_n are a sequence of signed rational numbers that can be defined by the exponential generating function x/(e^x-1)=sum_(n=0)^infty(B_nx^n)/(n!). (1) ...

The curve a hanging flexible wire or chain assumes when supported at its ends and acted upon by a uniform gravitational force. The word catenary is derived from the Latin ...

A double bubble is pair of bubbles which intersect and are separated by a membrane bounded by the intersection. The usual double bubble is illustrated in the left figure ...

A general prism is a polyhedron possessing two congruent polygonal faces and with all remaining faces parallelograms (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 28; left figure). A right prism ...

A projective plane, sometimes called a twisted sphere (Henle 1994, p. 110), is a surface without boundary derived from a usual plane by addition of a line at infinity. Just ...