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A Fredholm integral equation of the second kind phi(x)=f(x)+lambdaint_a^bK(x,t)phi(t)dt (1) may be solved as follows. Take phi_0(x) = f(x) (2) phi_1(x) = ...

König's line coloring theorem states that the edge chromatic number of any bipartite graph equals its maximum vertex degree. In other words, every bipartite graph is a class ...

Several flavors of the open mapping theorem state: 1. A continuous surjective linear mapping between Banach spaces is an open map. 2. A nonconstant analytic function on a ...

Gödel's first incompleteness theorem states that all consistent axiomatic formulations of number theory which include Peano arithmetic include undecidable propositions ...

The commutator series of a Lie algebra g, sometimes called the derived series, is the sequence of subalgebras recursively defined by g^(k+1)=[g^k,g^k], (1) with g^0=g. The ...

The lower central series of a Lie algebra g is the sequence of subalgebras recursively defined by g_(k+1)=[g,g_k], (1) with g_0=g. The sequence of subspaces is always ...

A general reciprocity theorem for all orders which covered all other known reciprocity theorems when proved by E. Artin in 1927. If R is a number field and R^' a finite ...

Fermat's sandwich theorem states that 26 is the only number sandwiched between a perfect square number (5^2=25) and a perfect cubic number (3^3=27). According to Singh ...

Consider h_+(d) proper equivalence classes of forms with discriminant d equal to the field discriminant, then they can be subdivided equally into 2^(r-1) genera of ...

Let (x_1,x_2) and (y_1,y_2,y_3) be two sets of complex numbers linearly independent over the rationals. Then at least one of ...