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Separation of variables is a method of solving ordinary and partial differential equations. For an ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=g(x)f(y), (1) where f(y)is nonzero ...

An equation of the form f(x)=b (mod m), (1) where the values of 0<=x<m for which the equation holds are sought. Such an equation may have none, one, or many solutions. There ...

The equations are x = 2/(sqrt(pi(4+pi)))(lambda-lambda_0)(1+costheta) (1) y = 2sqrt(pi/(4+pi))sintheta, (2) where theta is the solution to ...

The equations are x = ((lambda-lambda_0)(1+costheta))/(sqrt(2+pi)) (1) y = (2theta)/(sqrt(2+pi)), (2) where theta is the solution to theta+sintheta=(1+1/2pi)sinphi. (3) This ...

The Mollweide projection is a map projection also called the elliptical projection or homolographic equal-area projection. The forward transformation is x = ...

A method to obtain a signal C_l(z) with a flat spectrum c(theta;z) (such as a pulse), but having a smaller amplitude than the pulse. ...

The shoelace formula, also known as Gauss's area formula, the shoelace algorithm, shoelace method, or surveyor's formula, is a name sometimes given to the polygon area ...

The numbers of eigenvalues that are positive, negative, or 0 do not change under a congruence transformation. Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000) state it as follows: when a ...

Archimedes' axiom, also known as the continuity axiom or Archimedes' lemma, survives in the writings of Eudoxus (Boyer and Merzbach 1991), but the term was first coined by ...

A Bland-Altman plot is a data plotting method which simultaneously presents data sets from two different tests in a way that allows for easier determination of whether the ...