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The figure eight knot, also known as the Flemish knot and savoy knot, is the unique prime knot of four crossings 04-001. It has braid word ...

A generating function f(x) is a formal power series f(x)=sum_(n=0)^inftya_nx^n (1) whose coefficients give the sequence {a_0,a_1,...}. The Wolfram Language command ...

The second knot polynomial discovered. Unlike the first-discovered Alexander polynomial, the Jones polynomial can sometimes distinguish handedness (as can its more powerful ...

It is possible to perform multiplication of large numbers in (many) fewer operations than the usual brute-force technique of "long multiplication." As discovered by Karatsuba ...

The logarithmic integral (in the "American" convention; Abramowitz and Stegun 1972; Edwards 2001, p. 26), is defined for real x as li(x) = {int_0^x(dt)/(lnt) for 0<x<1; ...

The integer sequence beginning with a single digit in which the next term is obtained by describing the previous term. Starting with 1, the sequence would be defined by "1, ...

A (k,l)-multigrade equation is a Diophantine equation of the form sum_(i=1)^ln_i^j=sum_(i=1)^lm_i^j (1) for j=1, ..., k, where m and n are l-vectors. Multigrade identities ...

The natural logarithm of 2 is a transcendental quantity that arises often in decay problems, especially when half-lives are being converted to decay constants. ln2 has ...

The permutation symbol (Evett 1966; Goldstein 1980, p. 172; Aris 1989, p. 16) is a three-index object sometimes called the Levi-Civita symbol (Weinberg 1972, p. 38; Misner et ...

A rooted tree is a tree in which a special ("labeled") node is singled out. This node is called the "root" or (less commonly) "eve" of the tree. Rooted trees are equivalent ...