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A substitution system in which rules are used to operate on a string consisting of letters of a certain alphabet. String rewriting systems are also variously known as ...

A variety V of algebras is a strong variety provided that for each subvariety W of V, and each algebra A in V, if A is generated by its W- subalgebras, then A in W. In strong ...

A strongly binary tree is a rooted tree for which the root is adjacent to either zero or two vertices, and all non-root vertices are adjacent to either one or three vertices ...

Let L be a language of the first-order logic. Assume that the language L has the following sets of nonlogical symbols: 1. C is the set of constant symbols of L. (These are ...

A subgraph G^' of a graph G is a graph G^' whose vertex set and edge set are subsets of those of G. If G^' is a subgraph of G, then G is said to be a supergraph of G^' ...

For a particular format in the IEEE 754-2008 framework, a subnormal number is a nonzero floating-point number with magnitude less than the magnitude of that formatÕs smallest ...

The superfactorial of n is defined by Pickover (1995) as n$=n!^(n!^(·^(·^(·^(n!)))))_()_(n!). (1) The first two values are 1 and 4, but subsequently grow so rapidly that 3$ ...

For a graph vertex x of a graph, let Gamma_x and Delta_x denote the subgraphs of Gamma-x induced by the graph vertices adjacent to and nonadjacent to x, respectively. The ...

In nonstandard analysis, the limitation to first-order analysis can be avoided by using a construction known as a superstructure. Superstructures are constructed in the ...

Plotting l_x from a life expectancy table on a logarithmic scale versus x gives a curve known as a survivorship curve. There are three general classes of survivorship curves, ...