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The fifth of Peano's axioms, which states: If a set S of numbers contains zero and also the successor of every number in S, then every number is in S.

A relation R on a set S is irreflexive provided that no element is related to itself; in other words, xRx for no x in S.

A theory of Hamiltonian cycles.

Quantifies deviation from translational invariance by describing the distribution of gaps within a set at multiple scales. The more lacunar a set, the more heterogeneous the ...

An algorithm which constructs allowed mathematical statements from simple ingredients.

A general concept in category theory involving the globalization of local morphisms.

A term in social choice theory meaning a change favorable for X does not hurt X.

Moving medians are implemented in the Wolfram Language as MovingMedian[data, n].

mu_i(epsilon), sometimes denoted P_i(epsilon), is the probability that element i is populated, normalized such that sum_(i=1)^Nmu_i(epsilon)=1.

Sampling at the Nyquist frequency.