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The incenter I is the center of the incircle for a polygon or insphere for a polyhedron (when they exist). The corresponding radius of the incircle or insphere is known as ...

An equation involving a function f(x) and integrals of that function to solved for f(x). If the limits of the integral are fixed, an integral equation is called a Fredholm ...

The inverse trigonometric functions are the inverse functions of the trigonometric functions, written cos^(-1)z, cot^(-1)z, csc^(-1)z, sec^(-1)z, sin^(-1)z, and tan^(-1)z. ...

The Jacobi triple product is the beautiful identity product_(n=1)^infty(1-x^(2n))(1+x^(2n-1)z^2)(1+(x^(2n-1))/(z^2))=sum_(m=-infty)^inftyx^(m^2)z^(2m). (1) In terms of the ...

Kepler's equation gives the relation between the polar coordinates of a celestial body (such as a planet) and the time elapsed from a given initial point. Kepler's equation ...

Linear algebra is the study of linear sets of equations and their transformation properties. Linear algebra allows the analysis of rotations in space, least squares fitting, ...

The logarithmic integral (in the "American" convention; Abramowitz and Stegun 1972; Edwards 2001, p. 26), is defined for real x as li(x) = {int_0^x(dt)/(lnt) for 0<x<1; ...

Three circles packed inside a triangle such that each is tangent to the other two and to two sides of the triangle are known as Malfatti circles. The Malfatti configuration ...

The triangle DeltaM_AM_BM_C formed by joining the midpoints of the sides of a triangle DeltaABC. The medial triangle is sometimes also called the auxiliary triangle (Dixon ...

The Mertens function is the summary function M(n)=sum_(k=1)^nmu(k), (1) where mu(n) is the Möbius function (Mertens 1897; Havil 2003, p. 208). The first few values are 1, 0, ...