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A formula relating the number of polyhedron vertices V, faces F, and polyhedron edges E of a simply connected (i.e., genus 0) polyhedron (or polygon). It was discovered ...

The word polytope is used to mean a number of related, but slightly different mathematical objects. A convex polytope may be defined as the convex hull of a finite set of ...

A primitive polynomial is a polynomial that generates all elements of an extension field from a base field. Primitive polynomials are also irreducible polynomials. For any ...

The set R union {infty}, obtained by adjoining one improper element to the set R of real numbers, is the set of projectively extended real numbers. Although notation is not ...

Pronic numbers are figurate numbers of the form P_n=2T_n=n(n+1), where T_n is the nth triangular number. The first few are 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, 42, 56, 72, 90, 110, ... (OEIS ...

A pyramid is a polyhedron with one face (known as the "base") a polygon and all the other faces triangles meeting at a common polygon vertex (known as the "apex"). A right ...

A hyperbola for which the asymptotes are perpendicular, also called an equilateral hyperbola or right hyperbola. This occurs when the semimajor and semiminor axes are equal. ...

A repeating decimal, also called a recurring decimal, is a number whose decimal representation eventually becomes periodic (i.e., the same sequence of digits repeats ...

The rising factorial x^((n)), sometimes also denoted <x>_n (Comtet 1974, p. 6) or x^(n^_) (Graham et al. 1994, p. 48), is defined by x^((n))=x(x+1)...(x+n-1). (1) This ...

A special function is a function (usually named after an early investigator of its properties) having a particular use in mathematical physics or some other branch of ...