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Given a set X, let F be a nonempty set of subsets of X. Then F is a ring if, for every pair of sets in F, the intersection, union, and set difference is also in F. F is ...

A prime-distance graph is a distance graph with distance set given by the set of prime numbers.

The area of the shadow of a body on a plane, also called the "outer quermass."

Let a homogeneous solid contain a convex hole K and take x-rays so that the "darkness" at each point on a photographic plate determines the length of the chord of K along the ...

The largest area of intersection of a solid body by a plane parallel to a given plane, also called the "HA measurement."

The Longuet-Higgins circle is the radical circle of the circles centered at the vertices A, B, and C of a reference triangle with respective radii b+c, c+a, and a+b. Its ...

The mean tangent diameter of a solid, also known as the mean caliper diameter, is the caliper dimension obtained by averaging over all orientations.

The Moses-Longuet-Higgins circle is the radical circle of the circles centered at the vertices A, B, and C of a reference triangle with respective radii b+c-a, c+a-b, and ...

Two triangles DeltaABC and DeltaA^'B^'C^' are said to be perspective, or sometimes homologic, from a line if the extensions of their three pairs of corresponding sides meet ...

The principal theorem of axonometry, first published without proof by Pohlke in 1860. It states that three segments of arbitrary length a^'x^', a^'y^', and a^'z^' which are ...