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Arithmetic is the branch of mathematics dealing with integers or, more generally, numerical computation. Arithmetical operations include addition, congruence calculation, ...

In the archaic terminology of Whittaker and Watson (1990), the complex number z representing x+iy.

The set theory symbol (aleph) for the cardinal number of a well-orderable infinite set.

A test which always identifies prime numbers correctly, but may incorrectly identify a composite number as a prime.

A cubic triangular number is a positive integer that is simultaneously cubic and triangular. Such a number must therefore satisfy T_n=m^3 for some positive integers n and m, ...

A number n is called an economical number if the number of digits in the prime factorization of n (including powers) uses fewer digits than the number of digits in n. The ...

A number which is simultaneously pentagonal and hexagonal. Let P_n denote the nth pentagonal number and H_m the mth hexagonal number, then a number which is both pentagonal ...

A number which is simultaneously octagonal and heptagonal. Let O_m denote the mth octagonal number and H_n the nth heptagonal number, then a number which is both octagonal ...

A number which is simultaneously octagonal and hexagonal. Let O_n denote the nth octagonal number and H_m the mth hexagonal number, then a number which is both octagonal and ...

A number which is simultaneously octagonal and pentagonal. Let O_n denote the nth octagonal number and P_m the mth pentagonal number, then a number which is both octagonal ...