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The base 8 notational system for representing real numbers. The digits used are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, so that 8_(10) (8 in base 10) is represented as 10_8 ...

In nonstandard analysis, the limitation to first-order analysis can be avoided by using a construction known as a superstructure. Superstructures are constructed in the ...

An integer used to generate a digitaddition. A number can have more than one generator. If a number has no generator, it is called a self number.

The Laguerre differential equation is given by xy^('')+(1-x)y^'+lambday=0. (1) Equation (1) is a special case of the more general associated Laguerre differential equation, ...

A stochastic matrix, also called a probability matrix, probability transition matrix, transition matrix, substitution matrix, or Markov matrix, is matrix used to characterize ...

A temporal point process is a random process whose realizations consist of the times {tau_j}_(j in J) of isolated events. Note that in some literature, the values tau_j are ...

The modulus of a complex number z, also called the complex norm, is denoted |z| and defined by |x+iy|=sqrt(x^2+y^2). (1) If z is expressed as a complex exponential (i.e., a ...

Schubert's application of the conservation of number principle.

A term for number theory.

Consider the consecutive number sequences formed by the concatenation of the first n positive integers: 1, 12, 123, 1234, ... (OEIS A007908; Smarandache 1993, Dumitrescu and ...