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The spherical Bessel function of the second kind, denoted y_nu(z) or n_nu(z), is defined by y_nu(z)=sqrt(pi/(2z))Y_(nu+1/2)(z), (1) where Y_nu(z) is a Bessel function of the ...

A sequence of approximations a/b to sqrt(n) can be derived by factoring a^2-nb^2=+/-1 (1) (where -1 is possible only if -1 is a quadratic residue of n). Then ...

Stanley and Wilf conjectured (Bona 1997, Arratia 1999), that for every permutation pattern sigma, there is a constant c(sigma)<infty such that for all n, ...

For what value of x is f(x)=x^(1/x) a maximum? The maximum occurs at x=e, where f^'(x)=x^(-2+1/x)(1-lnx)=0, (1) which is zero at x=e and gives a maximum of ...

Polynomials S_k(x) which form the Sheffer sequence for g(t) = e^(-t) (1) f^(-1)(t) = ln(1/(1-e^(-t))), (2) where f^(-1)(t) is the inverse function of f(t), and have ...

A strongly connected digraph is a directed graph in which it is possible to reach any node starting from any other node by traversing edges in the direction(s) in which they ...

In the tabu search category of meta-heuristics, the essential idea is to 'forbid' search moves to points already visited in the (usually discrete) search space, at least for ...

A tetramagic cube is a magic cube that remains magic when all its numbers are squared, cubed, and taken to the fourth power. Only two tetramagic cubes are known, and both ...

Given 2n-1 numbers a_k, where k=-n+1, ..., -1, 0, 1, ..., n-1, a Toeplitz matrix is a matrix which has constant values along negative-sloping diagonals, i.e., a matrix of the ...

Let x and y be vectors. Then the triangle inequality is given by |x|-|y|<=|x+y|<=|x|+|y|. (1) Equivalently, for complex numbers z_1 and z_2, ...