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Nonstandard analysis is a branch of mathematical logic which introduces hyperreal numbers to allow for the existence of "genuine infinitesimals," which are numbers that are ...

Calabi-Yau spaces are important in string theory, where one model posits the geometry of the universe to consist of a ten-dimensional space of the form M×V, where M is a four ...

The Cantor set T_infty, sometimes also called the Cantor comb or no middle third set (Cullen 1968, pp. 78-81), is given by taking the interval [0,1] (set T_0), removing the ...

Interval arithmetic is the arithmetic of quantities that lie within specified ranges (i.e., intervals) instead of having definite known values. Interval arithmetic can be ...

A list of five properties of a topological space X expressing how rich the "population" of open sets is. More precisely, each of them tells us how tightly a closed subset can ...

The number of data points which fall within a given class in a frequency distribution.

The portion of number theory concerned with expressing an integer as a sum of integers from some given set.

A group in which any decreasing chain of distinct subgroups terminates after a finite number.

The number of single operations (of addition, subtraction, and multiplication) required to complete an algorithm.

A class number formula is a finite series giving exactly the class number of a ring. For a ring of quadratic integers, the class number is denoted h(d), where d is the ...