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A curve in two dimensions on which the value of a function f(x,y) is a constant. Other synonymous terms are equipotential curve, isarithm, and isopleth. A plot of several ...

A curve on a surface whose tangents are always in the direction of principal curvature. The equation of the lines of curvature can be written |g_(11) g_(12) g_(22); b_(11) ...

The path of an object through phase space.

A linear recurrence equation is a recurrence equation on a sequence of numbers {x_n} expressing x_n as a first-degree polynomial in x_k with k<n. For example ...

The term negative likelihood ratio is also used (especially in medicine) to test nonnested complementary hypotheses as follows, NLR = ([false negative rate])/([true negative ...

Given an n-ball B^n of radius R, find the distribution of the lengths s of the lines determined by two points chosen at random within the ball. The probability distribution ...

Using disk point picking, x = sqrt(r)costheta (1) y = sqrt(r)sintheta (2) for r in [0,1], theta in [0,2pi), choose two points at random in a unit disk and find the ...

The variation of a function which exhibits slope changes, also called the saltus of a function. A series may also oscillate, causing it not to converge.

While the above figure appears to be a sequence of nested squares, it actually consists of a single square spiral.

The tractrix arises in the following problem posed to Leibniz: What is the path of an object starting off with a vertical offset when it is dragged along by a string of ...