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For a group G and a normal subgroup N of G, the quotient group of N in G, written G/N and read "G modulo N", is the set of cosets of N in G. Quotient groups are also called ...

For any constructible function f, there exists a function P_f such that for all functions t, the following two statements are equivalent: 1. There exists an algorithm A such ...

A random permutation is a permutation containing a fixed number n of a random selection from a given set of elements. There are two main algorithms for constructing random ...

By analogy with the squircle, a term first apparently used by Fernández Guasti et al. (2005), the term "rectellipse" (used here for the first time) is a natural ...

The rhombic triacontahedral graph is Archimedean dual graph which is the skeleton of the rhombic triacontahedron, great rhombic triacontahedron, and small triambic ...

Let k>=0 and n>=2 be integers. A SOMA, or more specifically a SOMA(k,n), is an n×n array A, whose entries are k-subsets of a kn-set Omega, such that each element of Omega ...

The secant numbers S_k, also called the zig numbers or the Euler numbers E_n^*=|E_(2n)| numbers than can be defined either in terms of a generating function given as the ...

Two square matrices A and B that are related by B=X^(-1)AX, (1) where X is a square nonsingular matrix are said to be similar. A transformation of the form X^(-1)AX is called ...

A simple function is a finite sum sum_(i)a_ichi_(A_i), where the functions chi_(A_i) are characteristic functions on a set A. Another description of a simple function is a ...

A single-valued function is function that, for each point in the domain, has a unique value in the range. It is therefore one-to-one or many-to-one. A single-valued complex ...