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A curve also known as swan-like curve or streamline. It is given by the polar equation r=atheta+b, where a>0.

If each of two nonparallel transversals with nonminimal directions meets a given curve in finite points only, then the ratio of products of the distances from the two sets of ...

An algebra which does not satisfy a(bc)=(ab)c is called a nonassociative algebra.

A noncommutative ring R is a ring in which the law of multiplicative commutativity is not satisfied, i.e., a·b!=b·a for any two elements a,b in R. In such a case, the ...

A ruled surface parameterization x(u,v)=b(u)+vg(u) is called noncylindrical if gxg^' is nowhere 0. A noncylindrical ruled surface always has a parameterization of the form ...

A quantity which is either 0 (zero) or negative, i.e., <=0.

Given a matrix equation Ax=b, the normal equation is that which minimizes the sum of the square differences between the left and right sides: A^(T)Ax=A^(T)b. It is called a ...

A normal extension is the splitting field for a collection of polynomials. In the case of a finite algebraic extension, only one polynomial is necessary.

A square integrable function phi(t) is said to be normal if int[phi(t)]^2dt=1. However, the normal distribution function is also sometimes called "the normal function."

Given a convex plane region with area A and perimeter p, A-1/2p<N<=A+1/2p+1, where N is the number of enclosed lattice points (Nosarzewska 1948). This improves on Jarnick's ...