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If p and q are distinct odd primes, then the quadratic reciprocity theorem states that the congruences x^2=q (mod p) x^2=p (mod q) (1) are both solvable or both unsolvable ...

The radial curve of the catenary x = t (1) y = cosht (2) with radiant point (x_0,y_0) is given by x_r = x_0-coshtsinht (3) y_r = y_0+cosht. (4)

The system of partial differential equations u_t = 3ww_x (1) w_t = 2w_(xxx)+2uw_x+u_xw. (2)

The second-order ordinary differential equation (1+x^2)^2y^('')+lambday=0 (Hille 1969, p. 357; Zwillinger 1997, p. 122).

The base-26 number system composed of the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and the letters A-P.

The upper and lower hinges are descriptive statistics of a set of N data values, where N is of the form N=4n+5 with n=0, 1, 2, .... The hinges are obtained by ordering the ...

P_n(cosalpha)=(sqrt(2))/piint_0^alpha(cos[(n+1/2)phi])/(sqrt(cosphi-cosalpha))dphi, where P_n(x) is a Legendre polynomial.

For all x, y, a in an alternative algebra A, (xax)y = x[a(xy)] (1) y(xax) = [(yx)a]x (2) (xy)(ax) = x(ya)x (3) (Schafer 1996, p. 28).

The base of a number system, i.e., 2 for binary, 8 for octal, 10 for decimal, and 16 for hexadecimal. The radix is sometimes called the base or scale.

The system of partial differential equations E_t-v = 0 (1) r_x+omegav = 0 (2) q_x+Ev = 0 (3) v_x-omegar-Eq = 0. (4)