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A notation is a set of well-defined rules for representing quantities and operations with symbols.

Alpha is the name for the first letter in the Greek alphabet: alpha. In finance, alpha is a financial measure giving the difference between a fund's actual return and its ...

An initial point that provides safe convergence of Newton's method (Smale 1981; Petković et al. 1997, p. 1).

A function y=f(x) has critical points at all points x_0 where f^'(x_0)=0 or f(x) is not differentiable. A function z=f(x,y) has critical points where the gradient del f=0 or ...

I((chi_s^2)/(sqrt(2(k-1))),(k-3)/2)=(Gamma(1/2chi_s^2,(k-1)/2))/(Gamma((k-1)/2)), where Gamma(x) is the gamma function.

The ratio of two numbers r and s is written r/s, where r is the numerator and s is the denominator. The ratio of r to s is equivalent to the quotient r/s. Betting odds ...

The elliptic curve factorization method, abbreviated ECM and sometimes also called the Lenstra elliptic curve method, is a factorization algorithm that computes a large ...

An additive category is a category for which the morphism sets have the structure of Abelian groups. It satisfies some, but not all the properties of an Abelian category.

Let M be the midpoint of the arc AMB. Pick C at random and pick D such that MD_|_AC (where _|_ denotes perpendicular). Then AD=DC+BC.

A bivector, also called a 2-vector, is an antisymmetric tensor of second rank (a.k.a. 2-form). For a bivector X^->, X^->=X_(ab)omega^a ^ omega^b, where ^ is the wedge product ...