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An algebraic curve over a field K is an equation f(X,Y)=0, where f(X,Y) is a polynomial in X and Y with coefficients in K. A nonsingular algebraic curve is an algebraic curve ...

A noncayley graph is a graph which is not a Cayley graph. All graphs that are not vertex-transitive are noncayley graphs. However, some vertex-transitive graph are noncayley. ...

A set of quadratic surfaces which share foci. Ellipsoids and one- and two-sheeted hyperboloids can be confocal. These three types of surfaces can be combined to form an ...

Togliatti surfaces are quintic surfaces having the maximum possible number of ordinary double points (31). A related surface sometimes known as the dervish can be defined by ...

A cone with elliptical cross section. The parametric equations for an elliptic cone of height h, semimajor axis a, and semiminor axis b are x = a(h-u)/hcosv (1) y = ...

Endraß surfaces are a pair of octic surfaces which have 168 ordinary double points. This is the maximum number known to exist for an octic surface, although the rigorous ...

Gabriel's horn, also called Torricelli's trumpet, is the surface of revolution of the function y=1/x about the x-axis for x>=1. It is therefore given by parametric equations ...

A heptahedron is a polyhedron with seven faces. Because there are 34 heptahedral graphs, there are 34 topologically distinct convex heptahedra. There are three semiregular ...

Find the surface enclosing the maximum volume per unit surface area, I=V/S. The solution is a sphere, which has I_(sphere)=(4/3pir^3)/(4pir^2)=1/3r. The fact that a sphere ...

A curve alpha on a regular surface M is a principal curve iff the velocity alpha^' always points in a principal direction, i.e., S(alpha^')=kappa_ialpha^', where S is the ...