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The region lying between two concentric circles. The area of the annulus formed by two circles of radii a and b (with a>b) is A_(annulus)=pi(a^2-b^2). The annulus is ...

Let P be a finite partially ordered set, then an antichain in P is a set of pairwise incomparable elements. Antichains are also called Sperner systems in older literature ...

The ascending chain condition, commonly abbreviated "A.C.C.," for a partially ordered set X requires that all increasing sequences in X become eventually constant. A module M ...

Informally, the term asymptotic means approaching a value or curve arbitrarily closely (i.e., as some sort of limit is taken). A line or curve A that is asymptotic to given ...

An attractor is a set of states (points in the phase space), invariant under the dynamics, towards which neighboring states in a given basin of attraction asymptotically ...

A path constructed by repeatedly finding a path of positive capacity from a source to a sink and then adding it to the flow (Skiena 1990, p. 237). An augmenting path for a ...

An axiom is a proposition regarded as self-evidently true without proof. The word "axiom" is a slightly archaic synonym for postulate. Compare conjecture or hypothesis, both ...

An Aztec diamond of order n is the region obtained from four staircase shapes of height n by gluing them together along the straight edges. It can therefore be defined as the ...

If a contour in the complex plane is curved such that it separates the increasing and decreasing sequences of poles, then ...

Given a complex Hilbert space H with associated space L(H) of continuous linear operators from H to itself, the bicommutant M^('') of an arbitrary subset M subset= L(H) is ...