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A helix, sometimes also called a coil, is a curve for which the tangent makes a constant angle with a fixed line. The shortest path between two points on a cylinder (one not ...

In Book IX of The Elements, Euclid gave a method for constructing perfect numbers (Dickson 2005, p. 3), although this method applies only to even perfect numbers. In a 1638 ...

A formal type of proof most frequently encountered in elementary geometry courses in which known or derived statements are written in the left column, and the reason that ...

Machin-like formulas have the form mcot^(-1)u+ncot^(-1)v=1/4kpi, (1) where u, v, and k are positive integers and m and n are nonnegative integers. Some such formulas can be ...

A popular acronym for "principal ideal domain." In engineering circles, the acronym PID refers to the "proportional-integral-derivative method" algorithm for controlling ...

The Lotka-Volterra equations describe an ecological predator-prey (or parasite-host) model which assumes that, for a set of fixed positive constants A (the growth rate of ...

Computation time (also called "running time") is the length of time required to perform a computational process. Representation a computation as a sequence of rule ...

Mathematical growth in which one population grows at a rate proportional to the power of another population.

Lee (1944) defines an authalic map projection to be one in which at any point the scales in two orthogonal directions are inversely proportional.

The property of certain algorithms that accurate answers are returned for well-conditioned problems, and the inaccuracy of the answers returned for ill-conditioned problems ...