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Given a module M over a commutative unit ring R and a filtration F:... subset= I_2 subset= I_1 subset= I_0=R (1) of ideals of R, the associated graded module of M with ...

A minimum vertex cover is a vertex cover having the smallest possible number of vertices for a given graph. The size of a minimum vertex cover of a graph G is known as the ...

A subset of a topological group which is closed as a subset and also a subgroup.

A discrete subset of R^s which is closed under addition and subtraction and which contains Z^s as a subset.

The subset {0} of a ring. It trivially fulfils the definition of ideal since it is a group (specifically, the zero group), and it is closed under multiplication by any ...

A subset A subset= X of a topological space X is said to be disconnected if it is not connected.

A function f defined on a subset S subset R^n is said to be pseudoconcave if -f is pseudoconvex.

A fraction p/q>=1. A fraction with p/q<1 is called a proper fraction. Therefore, the special cases 1/1, 2/2, 3/3, etc. are generally considered to be improper.

A set X whose elements can be numbered through from 1 to n, for some positive integer n. The number n is called the cardinal number of the set, and is often denoted |X| or ...

The set of all zero-systems of a group G is denoted B(G) and is called the block monoid of G since it forms a commutative monoid under the operation of zero-system addition ...