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Given a set of ordered quantities, a list of the fractions of values at or below each quantity is know as a plotting position. A quantile-quantile plot compares observed ...

The 60 Pascal lines of a hexagon inscribed in a conic section intersect three at a time through 20 Steiner points. There is a dual relationship between the 15 Plücker lines ...

Relationships between the number of singularities of plane algebraic curves. Given a plane curve, m = n(n-1)-2delta-3kappa (1) n = m(m-1)-2tau-3iota (2) iota = ...

Pogson's ratio is the constant 100^(1/5)=10^(2/5)=2.511886431... (OEIS A189824) appearing in the definition of the astronomical magnitude (brightness) scale. This scale is ...

The equation of a line ax+by+c=0 in slope-intercept form is given by y=-a/bx-c/b, (1) so the line has slope -a/b. Now consider the distance from a point (x_0,y_0) to the ...

Let a line in three dimensions be specified by two points x_1=(x_1,y_1,z_1) and x_2=(x_2,y_2,z_2) lying on it, so a vector along the line is given by v=[x_1+(x_2-x_1)t; ...

Given a plane ax+by+cz+d=0 (1) and a point x_0=(x_0,y_0,z_0), the normal vector to the plane is given by v=[a; b; c], (2) and a vector from the plane to the point is given by ...

In Euclidean space R^3, the curve that minimizes the distance between two points is clearly a straight line segment. This can be shown mathematically as follows using ...

The maximum distance between n points in three dimensions can occur no more than 2n-2 times. Also, there exists a fixed number c such that no distance determined by a set of ...

A theory of constructing initial conditions that provides safe convergence of a numerical root-finding algorithm for an equation f(z)=0. Point estimation theory treats ...