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A set S together with a relation >= which is both transitive and reflexive such that for any two elements a,b in S, there exists another element c in S with c>=a and c>=b. In ...

The direction from an object A to another object B can be specified as a vector v=AB^-> with tail at A and head at B. However, since this vector has length equal to the ...

A plane parallel to two (or more) skew lines, also called a director plane. The orientation of a director is fixed, but it is specified uniquely only if a point lying on it ...

The Dirichlet kernel D_n^M is obtained by integrating the number theoretic character e^(i<xi,x>) over the ball |xi|<=M, D_n^M=-1/(2pir)d/(dr)D_(n-2)^M.

Given any real number theta and any positive integer N, there exist integers h and k with 0<k<=N such that |ktheta-h|<1/N. A slightly weaker form of the theorem states that ...

A subset A subset= X of a topological space X is said to be disconnected if it is not connected.

Disconnectivities are mathematical entities which stand in the way of a space being contractible (i.e., shrunk to a point, where the shrinking takes place inside the space ...

Discrepancy is a measure of the deviation of a point set from a uniform distribution. In general, the computation of the discrepancy of a point set is computationally ...

Given a point set P={x_n}_(n=0)^(N-1) in the s-dimensional unit cube [0,1)^s, the star discrepancy is defined as D_N^*(P)=sup_(J in Upsilon^*)D(J,P), (1) where the local ...

A family of subsets of a topological space such that every point has a neighborhood that intersects only one of them.