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A monotonic function is a function which is either entirely nonincreasing or nondecreasing. A function is monotonic if its first derivative (which need not be continuous) ...

A function f in C^infty(R^n) is called a Schwartz function if it goes to zero as |x|->infty faster than any inverse power of x, as do all its derivatives. That is, a function ...

An analytic function f(z) satisfying the irreducible algebraic equation A_0(z)f^k+A_1(z)f^(k-1)+...+A_k(z)=0 with single-valued meromorphic functions A_j(z) in a complex ...

An apodization function chosen to minimize the height of the highest sidelobe (Hamming and Tukey 1949, Blackman and Tukey 1959). The Hamming function is given by ...

A function whose value decreases to zero more slowly than any nonzero polynomial is said to be a logarithmically decreasing function. The prototypical example is the function ...

A function whose value increases more slowly to infinity than any nonconstant polynomial is said to be a logarithmically increasing function. The prototypical example is the ...

where Gamma(z) is the gamma function and other details are discussed by Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000).

A merit function, also known as a figure-of-merit function, is a function that measures the agreement between data and the fitting model for a particular choice of the ...

A function that exhibits oscillation (i.e., slope changes) is said to be oscillating, or sometimes oscillatory.

A function w(x) used to normalize orthogonal functions int[f_n(x)]^2w(x)dx=N_n.