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Given a convex plane region with area A and perimeter p, then |N-A|<p, where N is the number of enclosed lattice points.

A nowhere-neat dissection in which squares of the same size are not allowed to share any part of a side.

The octahemioctacron is the dual polyhedron of the octahemioctahedron U_3 and Wenninger dual W_(68). When rendered, the octahemioctacron and hexahemioctacron appear the same.

An abnormal number is a hypothetical number which can be factored into primes in more than one way. Hardy and Wright (1979) prove the fundamental theorem of arithmetic by ...

The compositeness test consisting of the application of Fermat's little theorem.

A sequence of primes q_1<q_2<...<q_k is a Cunningham chain of the first kind (second kind) of length k if q_(i+1)=2q_i+1 (q_(i+1)=2q_i-1) for i=1, ..., k-1. Cunningham primes ...

The Eulerian number <n; k> gives the number of permutations of {1,2,...,n} having k permutation ascents (Graham et al. 1994, p. 267). Note that a slightly different ...

The nth subfactorial (also called the derangement number; Goulden and Jackson 1983, p. 48; Graham et al. 2003, p. 1050) is the number of permutations of n objects in which no ...

The associated Stirling numbers of the first kind d_2(n,k)=d(n,k) are defined as the number of permutations of a given number n having exactly k permutation cycles, all of ...

A merge sort (or collation sort) is the combination of two or more ordered lists into a single ordered list (Knuth 1998, p. 158). Merge sorting was one of the first methods ...