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SNTP(n) is the smallest prime such that p#-1, p#, or p#+1 is divisible by n, where p# is the primorial of p. Ashbacher (1996) shows that SNTP(n) only exists 1. If there are ...

The equation x^p=1, where solutions zeta_k=e^(2piik/p) are the roots of unity sometimes called de Moivre numbers. Gauss showed that the cyclotomic equation can be reduced to ...

Let P(x) be defined as the power series whose nth term has a coefficient equal to the nth prime p_n, P(x) = 1+sum_(k=1)^(infty)p_kx^k (1) = 1+2x+3x^2+5x^3+7x^4+11x^5+.... (2) ...

The Erdős-Selfridge function g(k) is defined as the least integer bigger than k+1 such that the least prime factor of (g(k); k) exceeds k, where (n; k) is the binomial ...

A magic square that remains magic when its border is removed. A nested magic square remains magic after the border is successively removed one ring at a time. An example of a ...

A concise notation based on the concept of the tangle used by Conway (1967) to enumerate prime knots up to 11 crossings. An algebraic knot containing no negative signs in its ...

An algebraic equation is algebraically solvable iff its group is solvable. In order that an irreducible equation of prime degree be solvable by radicals, it is necessary and ...

A proposition is a mathematical statement such as "3 is greater than 4," "an infinite set exists," or "7 is prime." An axiom is a proposition that is assumed to be true. With ...

The number of elements of a group in a given conjugacy class.

A Gaussian sum is a sum of the form S(p,q)=sum_(r=0)^(q-1)e^(-piir^2p/q), (1) where p and q are relatively prime integers. The symbol phi is sometimes used instead of S. ...