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For any two nonzero p-adic numbers a and b, the Hilbert symbol is defined as (a,b)={1 if z^2=ax^2+by^2 has a nonzero solution; -1 otherwise. (1) If the p-adic field is not ...

The word residue is used in a number of different contexts in mathematics. Two of the most common uses are the complex residue of a pole, and the remainder of a congruence. ...

A minimal free resolution of a finitely generated graded module M over a commutative Noetherian Z-graded ring R in which all maps are homogeneous module homomorphisms, i.e., ...

The sum of the values of an integral of the "first" or "second" sort int_(x_0,y_0)^(x_1,y_1)(Pdx)/Q+...+int_(x_0,y_0)^(x_N,y_N)(Pdx)/Q=F(z) and ...

A knot K is an n-embeddable knot if it can be placed on a genus n standard embedded surface without crossings, but K cannot be placed on any standardly embedded surface of ...

The great sphere on the surface of a hypersphere is the three-dimensional analog of the great circle on the surface of a sphere. Let 2h be the number of reflecting spheres, ...

The number of "arrangements" in an ordering of n items is given by either a combination (order is ignored) or a permutation (order is significant). An ordering (or order) is ...

A pullback is a general categorical operation appearing in a number of mathematical contexts, sometimes going under a different name. If T:V->W is a linear transformation ...

Let the true value of a quantity be x and the measured or inferred value x_0. Then the relative error is defined by deltax=(Deltax)/x=(x_0-x)/x=(x_0)/x-1, where Deltax is the ...

A tree of links obtained by repeatedly choosing a crossing, applying the skein relationship to obtain two simpler links, and repeating the process. The tree depth of a ...