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A universal sentence is a sentence (i.e., formula of the predicate calculus without free variables) whose variables are universally quantified.

Nonstandard analysis is a branch of mathematical logic which introduces hyperreal numbers to allow for the existence of "genuine infinitesimals," which are numbers that are ...

In logic, a term is a variable, constant, or the result of acting on variables and constants by function symbols. In algebra, a term is a product of the form x^n (in the ...

A connective in logic which yields true if all conditions are true, and false if any condition is false. A AND B is denoted A ^ B (Mendelson 1997, p. 12), A&B, A intersection ...

The symbol ^ which is used to denote partial conjunction in symbolic logic. It also appears in several other contexts in mathematics and is sometimes called a "wedge". In ...

A word derived from the Latin roots tri- (three) and via (ways, roads), therefore a crossing of three roads. In medieval universities, the trivium consisted of the three ...

The set of all ground atoms that can be formed from predicate symbols from a clause in Skolemized form S and terms from the Herbrand universe H of S.

The resolution principle, due to Robinson (1965), is a method of theorem proving that proceeds by constructing refutation proofs, i.e., proofs by contradiction. This method ...

Computation time (also called "running time") is the length of time required to perform a computational process. Representation a computation as a sequence of rule ...

The set of elements belonging to one but not both of two given sets. It is therefore the union of the complement of A with respect to B and B with respect to A, and ...