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The radius used in performing an inversion with respect to an inversion circle.

Given a function of the form y=a+blnx, (1) the coefficients can be found from least squares fitting as b = ...

Let K be a field of field characteristic 0 (e.g., the rationals Q) and let {u_n} be a sequence of elements of K which satisfies a difference equation of the form ...

A polynomial with matrix coefficients. An nth order matrix polynomial in a variable t is given by P(t)=A_0+A_1t+A_2t^2+...+A_nt^n, where A_k are p×p square matrices.

The identities between the symmetric polynomials Pi_k(x_1,...,x_n) and the sums of kth powers of their variables S_k(x_1,...,x_n)=sum_(j=1)^nx_j^k. (1) The identities are ...

The reciprocity theorem for x^8=q (mod p).

A positive integer n is kth powerfree if there is no number d such that d^k|n (d^k divides n), i.e., there are no kth powers or higher in the prime factorization of n. A ...

The positive predictive value is the probability that a test gives a true result for a true statistic. The negative predictive value is the probability that a test gives a ...

The derivative rule d/(dx)[(f(x))/(g(x))]=(g(x)f^'(x)-f(x)g^'(x))/([g(x)]^2).

Given a polynomial in a single complex variable with complex coefficients p(z)=a_nz^n+a_(n-1)z^(n-1)+...+a_0, the reciprocal polynomial is defined by ...