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A system for specifying points using coordinates measured in some specified way. The simplest coordinate system consists of coordinate axes oriented perpendicularly to each ...

The pedal curve of an epicycloid x = (a+b)cost-b[((a+b)t)/b] (1) y = (a+b)sint-bsin[((a+b)t)/b] (2) with pedal point at the origin is x_p = 1/2(a+2b){cost-cos[((a+b)t)/b]} ...

Given collinear points W, X, Y, and Z, Y and Z are harmonic conjugates with respect to W and X if (|WY|)/(|YX|)=(|WZ|)/(|XZ|). (1) W and X are also harmonic conjugates with ...

Let a chord of constant length be slid around a smooth, closed, convex curve C, and choose a point on the chord which divides it into segments of lengths p and q. This point ...

A hyperbola (plural "hyperbolas"; Gray 1997, p. 45) is a conic section defined as the locus of all points P in the plane the difference of whose distances r_1=F_1P and ...

The sphere with respect to which inverse points are computed (i.e., with respect to which geometrical inversion is performed). For example, the cyclides are inversions in a ...

The geometry resulting from the application of the inversion operation. It can be especially powerful for solving apparently difficult problems such as Steiner's porism and ...

If mu is a real measure (i.e., a measure that takes on real values), then one can decompose it according to where it is positive and negative. The positive variation is ...

A real-valued univariate function f=f(x) has a jump discontinuity at a point x_0 in its domain provided that lim_(x->x_0-)f(x)=L_1<infty (1) and lim_(x->x_0+)f(x)=L_2<infty ...

The Lemoine ellipse is an inconic (that is always an ellipse) that has inconic parameters x:y:z=(2(b^2+c^2)-a^2)/(bc):(2(a^2+c^2)-b^2)/(ac): (2(a^2+b^2)-c^2)/(ab). (1) The ...