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A coordinate system composed of intersecting surfaces. If the intersections are all at right angles, then the curvilinear coordinates are said to form an orthogonal ...

The dihedral group D_6 gives the group of symmetries of a regular hexagon. The group generators are given by a counterclockwise rotation through pi/3 radians and reflection ...

A right triangle whose legs are in the ratio 2:1 is sometimes known as a "dom," a name derived from "half a domino." The name was suggested by Andrew Clarke and preferred in ...

The angle obtained by drawing the auxiliary circle of an ellipse with center O and focus F, and drawing a line perpendicular to the semimajor axis and intersecting it at A. ...

The edge connectivity, also called the line connectivity, of a graph is the minimum number of edges lambda(G) whose deletion from a graph G disconnects G. In other words, it ...

A graph is a forbidden (vertex-)induced subgraph if its presence as a vertex-induced subgraph of a given graph means it is not a member of some family of graphs. For example, ...

A fractal is an object or quantity that displays self-similarity, in a somewhat technical sense, on all scales. The object need not exhibit exactly the same structure at all ...

The fractional edge chromatic number of a graph G is the fractional analog of the edge chromatic number, denoted chi_f^'(G) by Scheinerman and Ullman (2011). It can be ...

An optical illusion named after British psychologist James Fraser, who first studied the illusion in 1908 (Fraser 1908). The illusion is also known as the false spiral, or by ...

A generalized dodecagon is a generalized polygon of order 12. GD(1,2) is the (3,12)-cage graph, more commonly known as the Tutte 12-cage. GD(2,1) is the line graph of the ...