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Let L denote the n×n triangular lattice with wraparound. Call an orientation of L an assignment of a direction to each edge of L, and denote the number of orientations of L ...

The Ulam sequence {a_i}=(u,v) is defined by a_1=u, a_2=v, with the general term a_n for n>2 given by the least integer expressible uniquely as the sum of two distinct earlier ...

First stated in 1924, the Banach-Tarski paradox states that it is possible to decompose a ball into six pieces which can be reassembled by rigid motions to form two balls of ...

An m-gonal n-cone graph, also called the n-point suspension of C_m or generalized wheel graph (Buckley and Harary 1988), is defined by the graph join C_m+K^__n, where C_m is ...

A curtate cycloid, sometimes also called a contracted cycloid, is the path traced out by a fixed point at a radius b<a, where a is the radius of a rolling circle. Curtate ...

The turning of an object or coordinate system by an angle about a fixed point. A rotation is an orientation-preserving orthogonal transformation. Euler's rotation theorem ...

A map projection obtained by projecting points P on the surface of sphere from the sphere's north pole N to point P^' in a plane tangent to the south pole S (Coxeter 1969, p. ...

The conjecture that there are only finitely many triples of relatively prime integer powers x^p, y^q, z^r for which x^p+y^q=z^r (1) with 1/p+1/q+1/r<1. (2) Darmon and Merel ...

Given a sequence of values {a_k}_(k=1)^n, the high-water marks are the values at which the running maximum increases. For example, given a sequence (3,5,7,8,8,5,7,9,2,5) with ...

A Smarandache-like function which is defined where S_k(n) is defined as the smallest integer for which n|S_k(n)^k. The Smarandache S_k(n) function can therefore be obtained ...