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A construction done using only a straightedge. The Poncelet-Steiner theorem proves that all constructions possible using a compass and straightedge are possible using a ...

A unique factorization domain, called UFD for short, is any integral domain in which every nonzero noninvertible element has a unique factorization, i.e., an essentially ...

A recursive process is one in which objects are defined in terms of other objects of the same type. Using some sort of recurrence relation, the entire class of objects can ...

Analytic number theory is the branch of number theory which uses real and complex analysis to investigate various properties of integers and prime numbers. Examples of topics ...

A theorem from information theory that is a simple consequence of the weak law of large numbers. It states that if a set of values X_1, X_2, ..., X_n is drawn independently ...

An extreme point of a subset K of a vector space X is an extreme set S of K which consists of a single point x in K. The collection of all extreme points of K is sometimes ...

A shell bounded by two similar ellipsoids having a constant ratio of axes. Given a chord passing through a homeoid, the distance between inner and outer intersections is ...

If a real algebraic curve has no singularities except nodes and cusps, bitangents, and inflection points, then n+2tau_2^'+iota^'=m+2delta_2^'+kappa^', where n is the order, ...

When a measure lambda is absolutely continuous with respect to a positive measure mu, then it can be written as lambda(E)=int_Efdmu. By analogy with the first fundamental ...

Taylor's inequality is an estimate result for the value of the remainder term R_n(x) in any n-term finite Taylor series approximation. Indeed, if f is any function which ...