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The portion of the probability distribution which has a P-value equal to the observed P-value.

An integral which has neither limit infinite and from which the integrand does not approach infinity at any point in the range of integration.

The residual is the sum of deviations from a best-fit curve of arbitrary form. R=sum[y_i-f(x_i,a_1,...,a_n)]^2. The residual should not be confused with the correlation ...

Roundoff error is the difference between an approximation of a number used in computation and its exact (correct) value. In certain types of computation, roundoff error can ...

The word saltus has two different meanings: either a jump or an oscillation of a function.

A formula is called satisfiable if it takes at least one true value in some interpretation.

An algorithm which finds the least nonnegative value of sqrt(a (mod p)) for given a and prime p.

The probability of getting a positive result for a given test which should produce a positive result.

Define T as the set of all points t with probabilities P(x) such that a>t=>P(a<=x<=a+da)<P_0 or a<t=>P(a<=x<=a+da)<P_0, where P_0 is a point probability (often, the ...

A totalistic cellular automaton is a cellular automata in which the rules depend only on the total (or equivalently, the average) of the values of the cells in a ...