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The dual vector space to a real vector space V is the vector space of linear functions f:V->R, denoted V^*. In the dual of a complex vector space, the linear functions take ...

The Einstein field equations are the 16 coupled hyperbolic-elliptic nonlinear partial differential equations that describe the gravitational effects produced by a given mass ...

In real and functional analysis, equicontinuity is a concept which extends the notion of uniform continuity from a single function to collection of functions. Given ...

A Euclidean number is a number which can be obtained by repeatedly solving the quadratic equation. Euclidean numbers, together with the rational numbers, can be constructed ...

A method for solving ordinary differential equations using the formula y_(n+1)=y_n+hf(x_n,y_n), which advances a solution from x_n to x_(n+1)=x_n+h. Note that the method ...

An Euler number prime is an Euler number E_n such that the absolute value |E_n| is prime (the absolute value is needed since E_n takes on alternating positive and negative ...

Let a prime number generated by Euler's prime-generating polynomial n^2+n+41 be known as an Euler prime. (Note that such primes are distinct from prime Euler numbers, which ...

The expectation value of a function f(x) in a variable x is denoted <f(x)> or E{f(x)}. For a single discrete variable, it is defined by <f(x)>=sum_(x)f(x)P(x), (1) where P(x) ...

The exponential factorial is defined by the recurrence relation a_n=n^(a_(n-1)), (1) where a_0=1. The first few terms are therefore a_1 = 1 (2) a_2 = 2^1=2 (3) a_3 = ...

Given triangle DeltaABC, there are four lines simultaneously tangent to the B- and C-excircles (with centers J_B and J_C, respectively). Of these, three correspond to the ...