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A linkage with six rods which draws the inverse of a given curve. When a pencil is placed at P, the inverse is drawn at P^' (or vice versa). If a seventh rod (dashed) is ...

The pentatope graph is the skeleton of the pentatope, namely the complete graph K_5. It is sometimes also known as the Kuratowski graph (Nikolić et al. 2000, p. 281). Since ...

A planar embedding, also called a "plane graph" (Harary 1994, p. 103; Harborth and Möller 1994), "planar drawing," or "plane drawing," of a planar graph is an embedding in ...

If del xF=0 (i.e., F(x) is an irrotational field) in a simply connected neighborhood U(x) of a point x, then in this neighborhood, F is the gradient of a scalar field phi(x), ...

The low-level language of topology, which is not really considered a separate "branch" of topology. Point-set topology, also called set-theoretic topology or general ...

A class of map projections in which the parallels are represented by a system of non-concentric circular arcs with centers lying on the straight line representing the central ...

A polygonal diagonal is a line segment connecting two nonadjacent polygon vertices of a polygon. The number of ways a fixed convex n-gon can be divided into triangles by ...

The word polytope is used to mean a number of related, but slightly different mathematical objects. A convex polytope may be defined as the convex hull of a finite set of ...

Pong Hau K'i is an ancient Chinese tic-tac-toe-like game involving two players with two differently colored stones (say, red and blue). The players move their respective ...

Let C be a curve and let O be a fixed point. Let P be on C and let Q be the curvature center at P. Let P_1 be the point with P_1O a line segment parallel and of equal length ...