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An inner automorphism of a group G is an automorphism of the form phi(g)=h^(-1)gh, where h is a fixed element of G. An outer automorphism of G is an automorphism which cannot ...

A catastrophe which can occur for four control factors and two behavior axes. The parabolic umbilic catastrophe is given by the unfolding ...

To find the minimum distance between a point in the plane (x_0,y_0) and a quadratic plane curve y=a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2, (1) note that the square of the distance is r^2 = ...

Let S be a collection of subsets of a set X and let mu:S->[0,infty] be a set function. The function mu is called a premeasure provided that mu is finitely additive, countably ...

The prime subfield of a field F is the subfield of F generated by the multiplicative identity 1_F of F. It is isomorphic to either Q (if the field characteristic is 0), or ...

In the classical quasithin case of the quasithin theorem, if a group G does not have a "strongly embedded" subgroup, then G is a group of Lie-type in characteristic 2 of Lie ...

A set of methods that are generally superior to ANOVA for small data sets or where sample distributions are non-normal.

Two figures are homothetic if they are related by a dilation (a dilation is also known as a homothecy). This means that the connectors of corresponding points are concurrent ...

The geometry of the Lie group R semidirect product with R^2, where R acts on R^2 by (t,(x,y))->(e^tx,e^(-t)y).

A topological sort is a permutation p of the vertices of a graph such that an edge {i,j} implies that i appears before j in p (Skiena 1990, p. 208). Only acyclic digraphs can ...