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A scalar is a one-component quantity that is invariant under rotations of the coordinate system.

A plane coordinate system whose axes are not perpendicular. The x-coordinate of a point P is the abscissa of its projection onto the x-axis in the direction of the y-axis, ...

A reduction system is called finitely terminating (or Noetherian) if there are no infinite rewriting sequences. This property guarantees that any rewriting algorithm will ...

A point about which inversion of two circles produced concentric circles. Every pair of distinct circles has two limiting points. The limiting points correspond to the point ...

Isolated resonances in a dynamical system can cause considerable distortion of preserved tori in their neighborhood, but they do not introduce any chaos into a system. ...

Universality is the property of being able to perform different tasks with the same underlying construction just by being programmed in a different way. Universal systems are ...

Let A be a matrix and x and b vectors. Then the system Ax=b, x>=0 has no solution iff the system A^(T)y>=0, b^(T)y<0 has a solution, where y is a vector (Fang and Puthenpura ...

Every modular system has a modular system basis consisting of a finite number of polynomials. Stated another way, for every order n there exists a nonsingular curve with the ...

The base-60 notational system for representing real numbers. A base-60 number system was used by the Babylonians and is preserved in the modern measurement of time (hours, ...

Little's law states that, under steady state conditions, the average number of items in a queuing system equals the average rate at which the items arrive multiplied by the ...