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A root having multiplicity n=1 is called a simple root. For example, f(z)=(z-1)(z-2) has a simple root at z_0=1, but g=(z-1)^2 has a root of multiplicity 2 at z_0=1, which is ...

A Skolem sequence of order n is a sequence S={s_1,s_2,...,s_(2n)} of 2n integers such that 1. For every k in {1,2,...,n}, there exist exactly two elements s_i,s_j in S such ...

The set of all points x that can be put into one-to-one correspondence with sets of essentially distinct values of four homogeneous coordinates x_0:x_1:x_2:x_3, not all ...

Due to Lebesgue and Brouwer. If an n-dimensional figure is covered in any way by sufficiently small subregions, then there will exist points which belong to at least n+1 of ...

The term "transition matrix" is used in a number of different contexts in mathematics. In linear algebra, it is sometimes used to mean a change of coordinates matrix. In the ...

cos(pi/(30)) = 1/4sqrt(7+sqrt(5)+sqrt(6(5+sqrt(5)))) (1) cos((7pi)/(30)) = 1/4sqrt(7-sqrt(5)+sqrt(6(5-sqrt(5)))) (2) cos((11pi)/(30)) = 1/4sqrt(7+sqrt(5)-sqrt(6(5+sqrt(5)))) ...

A vertex is a special point of a mathematical object, and is usually a location where two or more lines or edges meet. Vertices are most commonly encountered in angles, ...

Differential Equations

The number of representations of n by k squares, allowing zeros and distinguishing signs and order, is denoted r_k(n). The special case k=2 corresponding to two squares is ...

A triangle line lalpha+mbeta+ngamma=0 defined relative to a reference triangle is called a central line iff l:m:n is a triangle center (Kimberling 1998, p. 127). If l:m:n is ...