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Two representations of a group chi_i and chi_j are said to be orthogonal if sum_(R)chi_i(R)chi_j(R)=0 for i!=j, where the sum is over all elements R of the representation.

An inner automorphism of a group G is an automorphism of the form phi(g)=h^(-1)gh, where h is a fixed element of G. An outer automorphism of G is an automorphism which cannot ...

The Pappus configuration is the 9_3 configuration illustrated above that appears in Pappus's hexagon theorem. It is one of the three 9_3 configurations. The Levi graph of the ...

Mark a point P on a side of a triangle and draw the perpendiculars from the point to the two other sides. The line between the feet of these two perpendiculars is called the ...

Let n-1=FR where F is the factored part of a number F=p_1^(a_1)...p_r^(a_r), (1) where (R,F)=1, and R<sqrt(n). Pocklington's theorem, also known as the Pocklington-Lehmer ...

D_P(x)=lim_(epsilon->0)(lnmu(B_epsilon(x)))/(lnepsilon), where B_epsilon(x) is an n-dimensional ball of radius epsilon centered at x and mu is the probability measure.

Polynomial identities involving sums and differences of like powers include x^2-y^2 = (x-y)(x+y) (1) x^3-y^3 = (x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2) (2) x^3+y^3 = (x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2) (3) x^4-y^4 = ...

Let A and B be C^*-algebras, then a linear map phi:A->B is said to be positive if phi(A_+) subset= B_+. Here, A_+ is denoted the positive part of A. For example, every ...

The power polynomials x^n are an associated Sheffer sequence with f(t)=t, (1) giving generating function sum_(k=0)^inftyx^kt^k=1/(1-tx) (2) and exponential generating ...

The prime zeta function P(s)=sum_(p)1/(p^s), (1) where the sum is taken over primes is a generalization of the Riemann zeta function zeta(s)=sum_(k=1)^infty1/(k^s), (2) where ...