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The McGee graph is a cubic symmetric graph on 24 nodes and 36 edges which is the unique 7-cage graph. It can be constructed as the union of the two leftmost subgraphs ...

There are a number of mathematical curves that produced heart shapes, some of which are illustrated above. A "zeroth" curve is a rotated cardioid (whose name means ...

A linear recurrence equation is a recurrence equation on a sequence of numbers {x_n} expressing x_n as a first-degree polynomial in x_k with k<n. For example ...

The word quantile has no fewer than two distinct meanings in probability. Specific elements x in the range of a variate X are called quantiles, and denoted x (Evans et al. ...

The average of the values of the class limits for a given class. A class mark is also called a midvalue or central value (Kenney and Keeping 1962, p. 14), and is commonly ...

An estimator is a rule that tells how to calculate an estimate based on the measurements contained in a sample. For example, the sample mean x^_ is an estimator for the ...

A quantity is said to be exact if it has a precise and well-defined value. J. W. Tukey remarked in 1962, "Far better an approximate answer to the right question, which is ...

An exponent is the power p in an expression of the form a^p. The process of performing the operation of raising a base to a given power is known as exponentiation.

The solution to the differential equation [D^(2v)+alphaD^v+betaD^0]y(t)=0 (1) is y(t)={e_alpha(t)-e_beta(t) for alpha!=beta; ...

Let B, A, and e be square matrices with e small, and define B=A(I+e), (1) where I is the identity matrix. Then the inverse of B is approximately B^(-1)=(I-e)A^(-1). (2) This ...