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The double bar symbol | is used to denote certain kinds of norms in mathematics (e.g., ||x|| or ||x||_2). It is also used to denote parallel lines, as in A∥B, and in an older ...

A symbol used to distinguish a third quantity x^('') ("x double prime") from two other related quantities x and x^' ("x prime). Double primes are most commonly used to denote ...

A dragon curve is a recursive nonintersecting curve whose name derives from its resemblance to a certain mythical creature. The curve can be constructed by representing a ...

The involute of an ellipse specified parametrically by x = acost (1) y = bsint (2) is given by the parametric equations x_i = ...

A parameter n used to specify an elliptic integral of the third kind Pi(n;phi,k).

The real projective plane with elliptic metric where the distance between two points P and Q is defined as the radian angle between the projection of the points on the ...

The straightedge and the compass. The name is due to the fact that connecting points with segments, prolonging segments and drawing circles with a given center and a given ...

According to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation may be described using three angles. If the rotations are written in terms of rotation matrices D, C, and B, then a ...

The curvature of a surface satisfies kappa=kappa_1cos^2theta+kappa_2sin^2theta, where kappa is the normal curvature in a direction making an angle theta with the first ...

The kurtosis excess of a distribution is sometimes called the excess, or excess coefficient. In graph theory, excess refers to the quantity e=n-n_l(v,g) (1) for a v-regular ...