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The triangular inequalities are the inequalities |x-y|<=z<=x+y for real numbers (x,y,z) (Messiah 1962, p. 1056). If these inequalities hold for any one permutation of ...

The cubic curve defined by ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=xy with a!=0. The curve cuts the axis in either one or three points. It was the 66th curve in Newton's classification of cubics. ...

Values of the trigonometric functions can be expressed exactly for integer multiples of pi/20. For cosx, cos(pi/(20)) = 1/4sqrt(8+2sqrt(10+2sqrt(5))) (1) cos((3pi)/(20)) = ...

Also called indiscrete topology, the trivial topology is the smallest topology on a set X, namely the one in which the only open sets are the empty set and the entire set X. ...

Except for triangles, every simple polygon has at least two nonoverlapping ears.

In set theory, a unary operation on set A is a function A->A. More generally, a unary operation is a function with exactly one operand, such as the factorial, square root, or ...

A one-sided (singly infinite) Laplace transform, L_t[f(t)](s)=int_0^inftyf(t)e^(-st)dt. This is the most common variety of Laplace transform and it what is usually meant by ...

A one-sided (singly infinite) Z-Transform, Z[{a_n}_(n=0)^infty](z)=sum_(n=0)^infty(a_n)/(z^n). This is the most common variety of Z-transform since it is essentially ...

A uniquely complemented lattice is a complemented lattice (L, ^ , v ,0,1,^') that satisfies ( forall x in L)( forall y in L)[(x ^ y=0) ^ (x v y=1)]=>y=x^'. The class of ...

In one dimension, the interval [0,1] is the closed unit interval, the interval (0,1) is the open unit interval, and the intervals (0,1] and [0,1) are half-open unit intervals.