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p^x is an infinitary divisor of p^y (with y>0) if p^x|_(y-1)p^y, where d|_kn denotes a k-ary Divisor (Guy 1994, p. 54). Infinitary divisors therefore generalize the concept ...

A primitive polynomial is a polynomial that generates all elements of an extension field from a base field. Primitive polynomials are also irreducible polynomials. For any ...

There exists a positive integer s such that every sufficiently large integer is the sum of at most s primes. It follows that there exists a positive integer s_0>=s such that ...

The base 2 method of counting in which only the digits 0 and 1 are used. In this base, the number 1011 equals 1·2^0+1·2^1+0·2^2+1·2^3=11. This base is used in computers, ...

The co-rank of a graph G is defined as s(G)=m-n+c, where m is the number of edges of G, n is the number of vertices, and c is the number of connected components (Biggs 1993, ...

In any tree, the number of dissimilar points minus the number of dissimilar lines plus the number of symmetry lines equals 1.

A cellular automaton is a collection of "colored" cells on a grid of specified shape that evolves through a number of discrete time steps according to a set of rules based on ...

Origami is the Japanese art of paper folding. In traditional origami, constructions are done using a single sheet of colored paper that is often, though not always, square. ...

Sylvester's four-point problem asks for the probability q(R) that four points chosen at random in a planar region R have a convex hull which is a quadrilateral (Sylvester ...

There are several different definition of link. In knot theory, a link is one or more disjointly embedded circles in three-space. More informally, a link is an assembly of ...