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A planar straight line embedding of a planar graph is a planar embedding in which only straight line segments are used to connect the graph vertices. Fáry (1948) showed that ...

A planted plane tree (V,E,v,alpha) is defined as a vertex set V, edges set E, root v, and order relation alpha on V which satisfies 1. For x,y in V if rho(x)<rho(y), then ...

A polar representation of a complex measure mu is analogous to the polar representation of a complex number as z=re^(itheta), where r=|z|, dmu=e^(itheta)d|mu|. (1) The analog ...

A polyabolo is an analog of the polyomino composed of n isosceles right triangles joined along edges of the same length. Polyaboloes are sometimes also called polytans ...

Three-dimensional generalization of the polyominoes to n dimensions. The number of polycubes N(n) composed of n cubes are 1, 1, 2, 8, 29, 166, 1023, ... (OEIS A000162; Ball ...

A curve obtained by fitting polynomials to each ordinate of an ordered sequence of points. The above plots show polynomial curves where the order of the fitting polynomial ...

If a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle c_1 of a coaxal system such that one pair AC of connectors touches another circle c_2 of the system at P, then each ...

A power floor prime sequence is a sequence of prime numbers {|_theta^n_|}_n, where |_x_| is the floor function and theta>1 is real number. It is unknown if, though extremely ...

The present value v_n of a single payment made at n periods in the future is v_n=p/((1+r)^n), (1) where n is the number of periods until payment, p is the payment amount, and ...

A prime link is a link that cannot be represented as a knot sum of other links. Doll and Hoste (1991) list polynomials for oriented links of nine or fewer crossings, and ...