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Let p be an odd prime and F_n the cyclotomic field of p^(n+1)th roots of unity over the rational field. Now let p^(e(n)) be the power of p which divides the class number h_n ...

Does there exist an algorithm for deciding whether or not a specific mathematical assertion does or does not have a proof? The decision problem is also known as the ...

Given binomial coefficient (N; k), write N-k+i=a_ib_i, for 1<=i<=k, where b_i contains only those prime factors >k. Then the number of i for which b_i=1 (i.e., for which all ...

A curve which can be turned continuously inside an equilateral triangle. There are an infinite number of delta curves, but the simplest are the circle and lens-shaped ...

Given a polygon with an even number of sides, the derived polygon is obtained by joining the points which are a fractional distance r along each side. If r=1/2, then the ...

The dimension of an object is a topological measure of the size of its covering properties. Roughly speaking, it is the number of coordinates needed to specify a point on the ...

A.k.a. the pigeonhole principle. Given n boxes and m>n objects, at least one box must contain more than one object. This statement has important applications in number theory ...

Given a point set P={x_n}_(n=0)^(N-1) in the s-dimensional unit cube [0,1)^s, the star discrepancy is defined as D_N^*(P)=sup_(J in Upsilon^*)D(J,P), (1) where the local ...

A labeling phi of (the vertices) of a graph G with positive integers taken from the set {1,2,...,r} is said to be r-distinguishing if no graph automorphism of G preserves all ...

To divide is to perform the operation of division, i.e., to see how many times a divisor d goes into another number n. n divided by d is written n/d or n÷d. The result need ...