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A compositeness certificate is a piece of information which guarantees that a given number p is composite. Possible certificates consist of a factor of a number (which, in ...

Computation time (also called "running time") is the length of time required to perform a computational process. Representation a computation as a sequence of rule ...

The metric properties discovered for a primitive figure remain applicable, without modifications other than changes of signs, to all correlative figures which can be ...

Let a knot K be parameterized by a vector function v(t) with t in S^1, and let w be a fixed unit vector in R^3. Count the number of local minima of the projection function ...

A plane partition whose solid Ferrers diagram is invariant under the rotation which cyclically permutes the x-, y-, and z-axes. Macdonald's plane partition conjecture gives a ...

A demiregular tessellation, also called a polymorph tessellation, is a type of tessellation whose definition is somewhat problematical. Some authors define them as orderly ...

Division by zero is the operation of taking the quotient of any number x and 0, i.e., x/0. The uniqueness of division breaks down when dividing by zero, since the product ...

A symbol used to distinguish a third quantity x^('') ("x double prime") from two other related quantities x and x^' ("x prime). Double primes are most commonly used to denote ...

The edge count of a graph g, commonly denoted M(g) or E(g) and sometimes also called the edge number, is the number of edges in g. In other words, it is the cardinality of ...

An even permutation is a permutation obtainable from an even number of two-element swaps, i.e., a permutation with permutation symbol equal to +1. For initial set {1,2,3,4}, ...