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If f is continuous on a closed interval [a,b], and c is any number between f(a) and f(b) inclusive, then there is at least one number x in the closed interval such that ...

The lower clique number omega_L(G) of a graph G may be defined as the size of a smallest maximal clique in a graph G. It therefore corresponds to the coefficient of the ...

The rank of a matrix or a linear transformation is the dimension of the image of the matrix or the linear transformation, corresponding to the number of linearly independent ...

A near-perfect matching is a matching in which a single vertex is left unmatched. Just as perfect matchings can occur only for graphs with an even number of vertices, ...

Place 2n balls in a bag and number them 1 to 2n, then pick half of them at random. The number of different possible sums for n=1, 2, 3, ... are then 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ... ...

The sum of the first n odd numbers is a square number, sum_(k=1)^n(2k-1)=n^2. A sort of converse also exists, namely the difference of the nth and (n-1)st square numbers is ...

A parallelogram polyomino is a polyomino such that the intersection with every line perpendicular to the main diagonal is a connected segment. The number of parallelogram ...

Let A be the area of a simply closed lattice polygon. Let B denote the number of lattice points on the polygon edges and I the number of points in the interior of the ...

Let R+B be the number of monochromatic forced triangles (where R and B are the number of red and blue triangles) in an extremal graph. Then R+B=(n; 3)-|_1/2n|_1/4(n-1)^2_|_|, ...

Let p be a prime number, G a finite group, and |G| the order of G. 1. If p divides |G|, then G has a Sylow p-subgroup. 2. In a finite group, all the Sylow p-subgroups are ...